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科技翻譯有哪些原則？

日期：2021-10-28 發(fā)布人：來源：閱讀量：

　　科技翻譯前，必須弄先清楚文章的邏輯關(guān)系以及相關(guān)背景，科技英語翻譯方法主要有直譯、意譯和綜合譯，尚語翻譯公司給大家分享科技翻譯有哪些原則?

　　Before sci-tech translation, we must first understand the logical relationship and relevant background of the article. The translation methods of Sci-tech English mainly include literal translation, free translation and comprehensive translation. What are the principles of sci-tech translation shared by Shangyu translation company?

　　一、移植，就是這個詞的各個詞素按在詞典中查出的意思依次翻譯出來就可以了，也就是我們常說的因形見義。

　　1、 Transplantation means that each morpheme of the word can be translated in turn according to the meaning found in the dictionary, that is, we often say "seeing meaning from form".

　　二、音譯，有些詞由于在漢語中沒有貼切的詞與它相對應(yīng)，我們應(yīng)想到音譯法，有些用來表示新材料、新產(chǎn)品、新概念、新理論，或是用來表示藥名、商標(biāo)名稱、機械設(shè)備的名稱的詞，也可以借助音譯。

　　2. Transliteration: because there are no appropriate words corresponding to some words in Chinese, we should think of transliteration. Some words used to express new materials, new products, new concepts and new theories, or drug names, trademark names and mechanical equipment can also be transliterated.

　　三、象形譯，是指“象譯”和“形譯”兩種情況。“象譯”是根據(jù)所指物體的形狀進行翻譯，看這個物體像什么，例如：H-beam譯為“工字梁”;而“形譯”是根據(jù)詞的形狀進行翻譯，這個詞像個什么形狀，例如：T-bend譯為“T字形接頭”。

　　3. Pictographic translation refers to "pictorial translation" and "pictographic translation". "Image translation" is to translate according to the shape of the object to see what the object looks like, for example, H-beam is translated into "I-beam"; "Shape translation" is based on the shape of the word. What shape does the word look like, for example, T-bend is translated into "T-shaped joint".

　　四、推演，有些詞如果照搬詞典中意思已經(jīng)解釋不了原文的意思，需要根據(jù)原意結(jié)合原文中的具體語境和知識背景推斷出這個詞的意思。

　　4. deduction: if some words can't explain the meaning of the original text by copying the meaning in the dictionary, we need to infer the meaning of the word according to the original meaning in combination with the specific context and knowledge background in the original text.

　　五、引申，在原文基礎(chǔ)上用延續(xù)或擴展的方法來解釋詞義，科技文章有時也為了生動形象，用一些含義較深的詞，也就是將這個詞的具體意義引向抽象意義，如head的具體意義“頭”引向抽象意義“做決策的地方”，因此headquarter就可以引申為“總部，指揮所”。

　　5. Extension. The meaning of the word is explained by the method of continuation or expansion on the basis of the original text. Sometimes, in order to be vivid, scientific and technological articles use some words with deep meaning, that is, to extend the specific meaning of the word to the abstract meaning. For example, the specific meaning of head "leads to the abstract meaning of" decision-making place ". Therefore, headquarter can be extended to" headquarters, command post " 。

　　六、解釋，是一種輔助性的翻譯手段，這種方法主要用于個別新出現(xiàn)的而意義又較抽象的術(shù)語，這時就用一句話解釋原文這個詞的意思，而不能直接給出對等詞。

　　6. Interpretation is an auxiliary means of translation. This method is mainly used for individual emerging terms with more abstract meaning. At this time, the meaning of the original word is explained in one sentence, rather than giving the equivalent word directly.

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